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RN,MSN,CDE
What about evaluation for subclinical lactic acidosis in patients on metformin?
Section:  Nursing

 

While doing a literature search recently, I came across the following article which discussed the use of metformin associated with subclinical elevation of lactic acid concentration in the absence of renal insufficiency or other contraindications to using this agent in patients with type 2 diabetes:
Lactic Acidemia Associated with Metformin
Khan et al. Ann Pharmacother.2003; 37: 66-69

Since we have been discussing the general lack of awareness of B12 deficiency, I wonder how many patients on metformin are assessed for subclinical lactic acidosis.
Symptoms of lactic acidosis are: weakness, fatigue,feeling cold, dizzy, lightheaded, unusual muscle pain or stomach discomfort, trouble breathing, suddenly developing a slow or irregular heartbeat.
Labs identifying lactic acidosis would be: low PH, increased anion gap,high blood lactate level
Do you know anyone who assesses patients on metformin for subclinical lactic acidosis?
Poll Results:
yes
0% 0% (0 votes)
No
100% 100% (1 votes)
MEMBER COMMENTS
Re: What about evaluation for subclinical lactic acidosis in patients on metformin?


Some MD's will not draw lactic acid levels on people because "the condition is rare". However, I spent 10 years in an Endocrine practice where the MD DID do testing..We found our share of increased/elevated(NOT CRITICAL LEVEL)lactic acid levels after description of similar symptomatology.

Liz Cappalli,RD,LDN,CDE,CDOE

Patricia Linekin
RN,MSN,CDE
Re: What about evaluation for subclinical lactic acidosis in patients on metformin?

Thanks for sharing that information,Liz.  It is something to think about....especially since so many children with type 2 diabetes are now being treated with metformin. Staying hydrated is something that I feel needs to be stressed with people on metformin to assist the kidneys in excreting lactic acid.  This is especially true in very dry climates like Arizona for instance. 
I find it interesting to see reports that lactic acidosis is rare. If subclinical lactic acidosis is never looked for how can we know for sure if it is rare.When it is detected, it is usually severe.

Re: What about evaluation for subclinical lactic acidosis in patients on metformin?

This is an interesting conversation. I was discussing this in my medication class for patients yesterday and learned that the signs that used to be in X-ray depts asking people to report if they are on metformin are no longer present. I wonder when those were removed. We also evaluate patients respiratory status before putting them on metformin to make sure they have good oxygen exchange. Anyone doing respiratory testing before putting patients on metformin? So many people do so well on metformin that I have not seen alot of outpatients with lactic acid issues.

Re: What about evaluation for subclinical lactic acidosis in patients on metformin?

Patricia:
I agree with you, and believe it or not,thats what I told a Primary Care Doc when he told me how "rare" it is. I also had the same discussion w/my primary care doc. I reminded him"if you dont look for it,then you're not going to find it..."
Liz Cappalli,RD,LDN

Patricia Linekin
RN,MSN,CDE
Re: What about evaluation for subclinical lactic acidosis in patients on metformin?

Thanks for your comment, Liz.